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High-k Gate Dielectric Materials Applications with Advanced Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs)

High-k Gate Dielectric Materials Applications with Advanced Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs)

This volume explores and addresses the challenges of high-k gate dielectric materials one of the major concerns in the evolving semiconductor industry and the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS). The application of high-k gate dielectric materials is a promising strategy that allows further miniaturization of microelectronic components. This book presents a broad review of SiO2 materials including a brief historical note of Moore’s law followed by reliability issues of the SiO2 based MOS transistor. It goes on to discuss the transition of gate dielectrics with an EOT ~ 1 nm and a selection of high-k materials. A review of the various deposition techniques of different high-k films is also discussed. High-k dielectrics theories (quantum tunneling effects and interface engineering theory) and applications of different novel MOSFET structures like tunneling FET are also covered in this book. The volume also looks at the important issues in the future of CMOS technology and presents an analysis of interface charge densities with the high-k material tantalum pentoxide. The issue of CMOS VLSI technology with the high-k gate dielectric materials is covered as is the advanced MOSFET structure with its working structure and modeling. This timely volume will prove to be a valuable resource on both the fundamentals and the successful integration of high-k dielectric materials in future IC technology. | High-k Gate Dielectric Materials Applications with Advanced Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs)

GBP 82.99
1

Nanostructure Nanosystems and Nanostructured Materials Theory Production and Development

Nanostructure Nanosystems and Nanostructured Materials Theory Production and Development

This book provides valuable information on the new class of nanostructures—metal/carbon nanocomposites—and discusses new methods of their synthesis properties and applications. It covers computer prognosis including quantum chemical modeling for metal/carbon nanocomposites synthesis processing as well as fine dispersed suspensions obtaining processes and material modification processes. Intended for researchers academics and post-graduate students the book will give readers an up-to-date look at this important and valuable new class of nanostructures: metal/carbon nanocomposites. | Nanostructure Nanosystems and Nanostructured Materials Theory Production and Development

GBP 82.99
1

Biofertilizers and Biopesticides in Sustainable Agriculture

Biofertilizers and Biopesticides in Sustainable Agriculture

This new volume Biofertilizers and Biopesticides in Sustainable Agriculture presents strategies for the management of soil and crop diseases. Microbes have attracted worldwide attention due to their role in disease management and remediation of polluted soils. Taking a sustainable approach this book explores the means of integrating various microbial management approaches to achieve the desired levels of crop yield under both conventional soils and neglected soils through the use of biopesticides and other botanicals as well as biomolecules. This book also presents a broad and updated view of molecular nitrogen fixation and phosphate-solubilizing and sulfur-transforming microbes for nutrition of crops in relation to the role of metal tolerant microbes in providing protection to plants grown in metal-contaminated soils. The preparation and application of biofertilizers utilization of household waste materials and use of genetically modified microorganisms (GMOs) in plant growth and development are also well discussed in the volume.

GBP 82.99
1

Advances in Energy Materials New Composites and Techniques for Future Energy Applications

Advances in Energy Materials New Composites and Techniques for Future Energy Applications

This new volume focuses on materials used for energy generation and includes a wide spectrum of applications to solve alternative energy issues. The book reviews the state-of-the-art issues in global energy problems and reports on advanced methods of preparation of nanoscale energy materials with explanations of the structure and properties. It highlights current developments in the energy sector from the materials angle along with new techniques. Topics include polymer nanocomposites with smart behavior and their applicability of in energy applications; magnetorheological and electrorheological properties of smart polymer systems and their energy-related applications; metal-organic frameworks-emerging porous materials for energy applications; applications of carbon nanotubes in energy harvesting and storage; new developments in piezoelectric materials; and much more. | Advances in Energy Materials New Composites and Techniques for Future Energy Applications

GBP 147.00
1

Perovskite Solar Cells Technology and Practices

Perovskite Solar Cells Technology and Practices

The increasing use of metal halide perovskites as light harvesters has stunned the photovoltaic community. The book Perovskite Solar Cells: Technology and Practices covers the basics and provides up-to-date research in the field of perovskite photovoltaics—a fast trending branch of the thin film photovoltaic generation. This comprehensive handbook provides a broad and overall picture of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) starting with the history of development and revolution of PSCs. The authors then delve into electron-transporting materials hole-transporting materials and lead-free alternatives. An important chapter on tandem solar cells is also included. The chapters discuss how different layers in PSCs are fabricated and function and how their roles are as important as the perovskite layer itself. It explores what has been done and what can probably be done to further improve the performance of this device. | Perovskite Solar Cells Technology and Practices

GBP 82.99
1

Omics Analysis of Plants under Abiotic Stress

Omics Analysis of Plants under Abiotic Stress

This new volume highlights the various emerging techniques and molecular applications that are currently being used in plant abiotic stress physiology. It provides a thorough overview of omics approaches in response to stressors such as low water accessibility (drought) excess water (flooding/waterlogging) extremes of temperatures (cold chill frost and heat) salinity mineral deficiency and heavy metal toxicity-many of which are the result of climate change. The book with chapters contributed by specialists in the field emphasizes the broad variety of themes using an omics analysis of plants under abiotic stress factors at the cellular and molecular levels. The chapter authors explore a variety of approaches to address plant abiotic stress including proteomic approaches genome editing applications and system biology approaches. The volume takes into consideration from omics perspective how to use the plant-microbe interaction to make plants more resilient to changing climates. It also looks at the role of ionomics (the study of complete mineral nutrient and trace elemental composition of a plant species) and osmoprotectants to address multiple abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Omics Analysis of Plants under Abiotic Stress provides the fundamental information for all who are working in or have interest in this specific field. Unquestionably this volume will be beneficial for common use of research students teachers and persons who have interest in plant abiotic stress physiology.

GBP 124.00
1

Biology and Biotechnology of Environmental Stress Tolerance in Plants 3-Volume Set

Biology and Biotechnology of Environmental Stress Tolerance in Plants 3-Volume Set

This new 3-volume set provides a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that mediate biosynthesis accumulation and degradation of plant metabolites so as to employ novel strategies to improve crop production and enhance abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Abiotic stresses such as drought high salt cold heat UV radiation heavy metal pollution etc. are increasingly responsible for restricting plant growth and agricultural production and are becoming more alarming due to threats from global climate change. To combat these threats it is imperative to study the underlying mechanisms of stress tolerance from diverse metabolites and the biosynthesis pathways for metabolite production to maintain osmotic balance under diverse environmental stresses. Biology and Biotechnology of Environmental Stress Tolerance in Plants provides that understanding. Volume 1: Secondary Metabolites in Environmental Stress Tolerance focuses exclusively on the diverse secondary metabolites that play a major role in the adaptation of plants to the environment and in overcoming stress conditions as well as their implications in enhancing tolerance mechanisms. The chapters in this section review and integrate the currently available information on the protective role rendered by a wide array of antioxidative secondary metabolites and their regulation during diverse environmental stress. Volume 2: Trace Elements in Environmental Stress Tolerance throws light on the different inorganic trace elements including metal nanoparticles that help to deal with various environmental stresses. While these elements at high level create considerable phytotoxicity and halt metabolic and enzymatic activity they also promote growth and development in limited quantity so that they have significant potential in revamping plant morphology and physiology under stressed conditions. Hence optimum concentration management of these elements can help to mitigate world hunger and contribute toward sustainable agriculture and food security under challenging environments. Volume 3: Sustainable Approaches for Enhancing Environmental Stress Tolerance focuses on the agronomic and biochemical approaches as well as biotechnological and high-throughput technologies including the prospects of genetic engineering epigenetics and the latest CRISPR/Cas technology in generating stress-tolerant plants. The volume provides a clear road map for the implementation of techniques for improving abiotic stress tolerance in plants for better sustenance. Key features: Provides an advanced understanding of the mechanisms of action of secondary metabolites and trace elements in environmental stress tolerance as well as the different agronomic and biotechnological methods that enhances stress tolerance Looks at the overall metabolic pathways and genetic engineering giving a holistic view of plant-level studies of diverse abiotic stresses affecting different metabolic pathways Provides the groundwork to help researchers in designing future programs for identifying novel genes and proteins and targeting proper pathways to develop climate-resilient plants Altogether the three-volume Biology and Biotechnology of Environmental Stress Tolerance in Plants will enhance our understanding of plant responses to environmental stresses and enable implementation of programs and practices that can help us to develop climate-resilient plants with better performance for better yield and quality. | Biology and Biotechnology of Environmental Stress Tolerance in Plants 3-Volume Set

GBP 437.00
1

Lipase An Industrial Enzyme Through Metagenomics

Lipase An Industrial Enzyme Through Metagenomics

Microbial lipases are industrially important and have gained attention due to their stability selectivity and broad substrate specificity. Lipases are used as medicine and they also aid in indigestion heartburn allergy to gluten in wheat products (celiac disease) Crohn’s disease and cystic fibrosis. This volume considers the industrial demand for new sources of lipases with different catalytic characteristics that stimulate the isolation growth and development of new microbial strains. The volume narrates the challenging metagenomic approach with the isolation of the lipase gene its cloning into Escherichia coli culture of the recombinant bacteria and extraction and assessment of the lipase enzyme. Lipase-producing bacteria are available in different habitats such as industrial wastes vegetable oil processing factories dairy plants and soils contaminated with oil and oil seeds among others. This volume is the effort of the authors to document the scientific findings carried out over the last eight years in the area of un-culturable soil microorganisms. The book presents the physic-chemical features of lipases and their specific applications in different commercial industries. The in-depth study looks at metagenomics for lipases from all angles and provides a truly informative resource. It describes the biochemical characterization of lipase enzymes with the high activity in the presence of 1% tributyrin. A wide review has been presented in the book on lipase enzymes purified from a large collection of microbes present in soil seawater waste-dumping sites animal systems (including human beings) and the atmosphere. Stability of enzymes over changing environments of the industry is indeed a big issue and the book deals at length with the changing temperatures and pH and metal ion concentrations. | Lipase An Industrial Enzyme Through Metagenomics

GBP 82.99
1