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Foundations of Natural Gas Price Formation - Sergei Komlev - Bog - Anthem Press - Plusbog.dk

Foundations of Natural Gas Price Formation - Sergei Komlev - Bog - Anthem Press - Plusbog.dk

Natural gas pricing should be as critically important to the general public as it is to industry specialists. Pricing is the basis of balancing the interests of European and Asian consumers of power and electricity with those of the limited number of potential suppliers of natural gas. Given that natural gas is a foundational transition fuel source that will not be supplanted by renewals for many, many years, the consequences of market failure from incorrect pricing mechanisms could result in the industry missing the new investment cycle. In addressing the critical balancing role of natural gas pricing, ‘Foundations of Natural Gas Price Formation’ presents an in-depth analysis of the fundamentals of natural gas price formation and outlines the distinctive characteristics of natural gas that make it a unique commodity by examining the specific factors underpinning gas pricing that result in a hybrid pricing system special to natural gas. The book argues that the patrons of spot pricing through gas hubs are promoting an incorrect understanding of gas markets that will lead to market failure and to potential critical supply shortages in the near future. ‘Foundations of Natural Gas Price Formation’ defends the system of oil-indexed pricing as an accurate, market-based mechanism that has stood the test of time.

DKK 948.00
1

European Natural Gas Demand, Supply, and Pricing - Anouk Honore - Bog - Oxford University Press - Plusbog.dk

European Natural Gas Demand, Supply, and Pricing - Anouk Honore - Bog - Oxford University Press - Plusbog.dk

Natural gas is expected to be the fastest growing fuel consumed in Western Europe in the coming decades. This book provides in depth analyses of the actual natural gas markets in Europe and by 2020. Using a bottom-up methodology, the study gives scenarios for gas demand for the power sector -which is seen as the main driver for gas demand rise- and for the non-power sectors. The book gives detailed information on the future supplies by pipelines and by LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas). Matching the demand and supplies projections, the book gives some annual and seasonal scenarios and establishes potential market cycles by 2020: periods when gas supply/demand gap could be tight or, on the contrary, periods when gas bubbles are possible. The study look into detail at the nine major gas markets in Europe, which represented about 90 percent of total gas consumption in 2005: UK, Germany, Italy, France, Netherlands, Spain, Belgium, Hungary and Poland. One of the most important aspects of the future gas market is the significant development in competition for securing new supplies and the resulting growth in inter-regional trade. It is in this environment that Europe finds itself competing to attract the necessary new gas supplies, especially during the winter when gas demand peaks. The study asks key questions regarding the future of natural gas in Europe, such as security of supply, the impacts of LNG in the markets, the relationship between spot gas prices and oil-indexed prices, etc. This research provides essential information and analyses for anyone working in the natural gas business, from private or public gas companies to academics.

DKK 827.00
1

Natural Gas in Asia - David Ledesma - Bog - Oxford University Press - Plusbog.dk

Natural Gas in Asia - David Ledesma - Bog - Oxford University Press - Plusbog.dk

The next decade will be crucial for Asian gas markets and determine whether natural gas will become a major fuel in the key energy markets of China, India, Japan and Korea, or will remain a "promising" but peripheral energy source. Natural Gas in Asia is a new edition of a 2002 study on the future of natural gas in the major energy markets of Asia. The 2nd edition has been substantially rewritten and completely updated, and contains two new chapters on South East Asia, Australia, and the Middle East. The future energy needs and environmental problems of China, India and the rest of Asia are considerable. A major question is whether gas supplies can and will respond to expanding demand for the cleanest fossil fuel? Large scale projects will need to be implemented in Russia, the Central Asian Republics and the Middle East to bring required supplies to Asian markets in the years to 2020. This book assesses the economic opportunities, political obstacles and other challenges - both domestic and international - to these projects. In order to succeed, pipeline infrastructure will need to be built over long distances to bring gas to these markets, as well as significant numbers of new LNG terminals. The volume discusses the major current and potential gas markets in Asia: China, India, Japan and Korea, as well as the potential supply of pipeline gas and LNG to Asia from: Russia, Central Asia, South East Asia, Australia and Middle Eastern countries. An important aspect of the next two decades will be the extent to which the region can develop pipeline gas sources to supplement existing large scale LNG imports. The volume also looks at the substantial gas markets emerging in China and India which are at the early stage of introducing large scale natural gas use in cities. These markets face the commercial challenge of developing gas-fired power generation at a cost which may be greater than generation based on domestically produced coal. However, considerations of local air quality and global emissions may give extra value to gas fired generation, as has happened elsewhere in the world.

DKK 862.00
1

Gas Prices in the UK - Philip Wright - Bog - Oxford University Press - Plusbog.dk

Gas Prices in the UK - Philip Wright - Bog - Oxford University Press - Plusbog.dk

Set in the context of the dramatic increases in the price of gas which UK gas consumers have had to endure since 2003, this book explores how it is that UK gas industry liberalisation, which once promised ever lower prices, is now being undercut by the much less liberal continental European marketplace. To do so it uses a wealth of data to build up an analytical picture of the UK gas industry, segment by segment, from well-head to burner-tip. In so doing the respective roles played in gas price formation by the wholesale cost of gas, its transportation costs and the cost of supply by marketing companies are revealed for both industrial and domestic consumers. The central contention is that the replacement of administered arrangements by market relationships and competition have made UK gas prices far more sensitive to insecurities of supply, both small-scale and large-scale strategic. In consequence, companies operating along the gas chain have had to take up defensive positions to manage these new risks, relying particularly on either upstream production or captive domestic consumers to shield them. Nor is it the case that more competition, with more switching by consumers, can provide a remedy. Instead, the UK government will have to consider re-introducing price control regulation for domestic consumers while also requiring upstream companies to protect consumers from volatility by holding more gas in storage. As well as providing new insights into causes of relatively high gas prices in the UK, the book also provides a long-overdue source of reference about the UK gas industry: about its infrastructure, companies, marketplaces, contracts and regulation.

DKK 970.00
1

Gas Treating - Dag Eimer - Bog - John Wiley & Sons Inc - Plusbog.dk

Gas Treating - Dag Eimer - Bog - John Wiley & Sons Inc - Plusbog.dk

Gas Treating: Absorption Theory and Practice provides an introduction to the treatment of natural gas, synthesis gas and flue gas, addressing why it is necessary and the challenges involved. The book concentrates in particular on the absorption–desorption process and mass transfer coupled with chemical reaction. Following a general introduction to gas treatment, the chemistry of CO2, H2S and amine systems is described, and selected topics from physical chemistry with relevance to gas treating are presented. Thereafter the absorption process is discussed in detail, column hardware is explained and the traditional mass transfer model mechanisms are presented together with mass transfer correlations. This is followed by the central point of the text in which mass transfer is combined with chemical reaction, highlighting the associated possibilities and problems. Experimental techniques, data analysis and modelling are covered, and the book concludes with a discussion on various process elements which are important in the absorption–desorption process, but are often neglected in its treatment. These include heat exchange, solution management, process flowsheet variations, choice of materials and degradation of absorbents. The text is rounded off with an overview of the current state of research in this field and a discussion of real-world applications. This book is a practical introduction to gas treating for practicing process engineers and chemical engineers working on purification technologies and gas treatment, in particular, those working on CO2 abatement processes, as well as post-graduate students in process engineering, chemical engineering and chemistry.

DKK 966.00
1

Tolley's Domestic Gas Installation Practice - John Hazlehurst - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

Tolley's Domestic Gas Installation Practice - John Hazlehurst - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

This is the second of three essential reference volumes for those concerned with the installation and servicing of domestic and industrial equipment. This handy volume explains the basic principles underlying the practical and theoretical aspects of installing and servicing gas appliances and associated equipment. Covering both Natural Gas and Liquefied Petroleum Gas, the many illustrations and worked examples included throughout the text will help the reader to understand the principles under discussion. Volume 2 of the Gas Service Technology Series will enable the reader to put into practice the safe installation and servicing procedures described in the companion volumes: Basic Science and Practice of Gas Service (Volume 1), and Industrial and Commercial Gas Installation Practice (Volume 3). Combining a comprehensive reference with practical application in real-world engineering contexts, Volume 2 provides an essential handbook for all aspects of fundamental gas servicing technology, ideal for both students new to the field as well as professionals and non-operational professionals (e.g. specifiers, managers, supervisors) as an ongoing source of reference.

DKK 995.00
1

Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics - Oscar Biblarz - Bog - John Wiley & Sons Inc - Plusbog.dk

Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics - Oscar Biblarz - Bog - John Wiley & Sons Inc - Plusbog.dk

New edition of the popular textbook, comprehensively updated throughout and now includes a new dedicated website for gas dynamic calculations The thoroughly revised and updated third edition of Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics maintains the focus on gas flows below hypersonic. This targeted approach provides a cohesive and rigorous examination of most practical engineering problems in this gas dynamics flow regime. The conventional one-dimensional flow approach together with the role of temperature-entropy diagrams are highlighted throughout. The authors—noted experts in the field—include a modern computational aid, illustrative charts and tables, and myriad examples of varying degrees of difficulty to aid in the understanding of the material presented. The updated edition of Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics includes new sections on the shock tube, the aerospike nozzle, and the gas dynamic laser. The book contains all equations, tables, and charts necessary to work the problems and exercises in each chapter. This book’s accessible but rigorous style: - - Offers a comprehensively updated edition that includes new problems and examples - - Covers fundamentals of gas flows targeting those below hypersonic - - Presents the one-dimensional flow approach and highlights the role of temperature-entropy diagrams - - Contains new sections that examine the shock tube, the aerospike nozzle, the gas dynamic laser, and an expanded coverage of rocket propulsion - - Explores applications of gas dynamics to aircraft and rocket engines - - Includes behavioral objectives, summaries, and check tests to aid with learning - Written for students in mechanical and aerospace engineering and professionals and researchers in the field, the third edition of Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics has been updated to include recent developments in the field and retains all its learning aids. The calculator for gas dynamics calculations is available at www.oscarbiblarz.com/gascalculator

DKK 1000.00
1

Oil and Gas in Russian History - Liubov Denisova - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

Oil and Gas in Russian History - Liubov Denisova - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

The oil and gas sector is currently one of the most important sectors of the Russian economy, and Russian oil and gas is vital for many other economies including in Western Europe. There are many contentious issues surrounding Russian oil and gas, including the degree of state control, the extent of foreign participation allowed, the international strategic significance of oil and gas and its potential use as an international political weapon, and environmental problems. All of these issues are in fact not new. Oil and gas have been significant and highly profitable products in the Russian economy of at least three hundred years, and many of the laws and structures governing the sector were established long ago. This book explores the historical development of oil and gas in Russia showing the importance of the sector to Russia historically and outlining the antecedents of present day issues.

DKK 1248.00
1

Gas Insulated Substations - - Bog - John Wiley & Sons Inc - Plusbog.dk

Gas Insulated Substations - - Bog - John Wiley & Sons Inc - Plusbog.dk

GAS INSULATED SUBSTATIONS An essential reference guide to gas-insulated substations The second edition of Gas Insulated Substations (GIS) is an all-inclusive reference guide to gas insulated substations (GIS) and its advanced technologies. Updated to the latest technical developments and applications, the guide covers basic physics of gas insulated systems, SF6 insulating gas and its alternatives, safety aspects and factors to choose GIS. GIS technology, its modular structure, control and monitoring systems, testing, installation rules and guidelines for operation, specification, and maintenance. Detailed information on various types for GIS, with 14 reference project explanations and three extensive case studies give information for the best solutions of practical applications. Special solutions using mobile substations concepts, mixed technology switchgear (MTS) with air and gas insulated technology, underground substations, and the use of special GIS substation buildings e.g., shopping centers, parking lots, city parks, business complexes’ or subway stations are explained. Future developments of GIS technology are shown for the next steps in alternatives to SF6, low power instrument transformers, and digitalization of substations. A new chapter explains advanced technologies applied to GIS projects which cover the following; environmental issues for the substation permission process, insulation coordination studies for the network requirements including very fast transients, project scope development, risk-based asset management, health and safety impact, electromagnetic fields, SF6 decomposition byproducts and condition assessment. Disruptive development steps in gas insulated substations technologies are also covered in this second edition. Vacuum breaking and switching technology for rated voltages of up to 500 kV is explained in detail with its physical background. Principle function and possible implementation of low power instrument transformers (LPIT) are explained and examples of applications are given. The principles of digital twin for gas insulated substations (GIS) and gas insulated transmission lines (GIL) are explained in theory and project applications show the practical use and advantage. The wide and fast-growing technical field of offshore GIS applications for AC and DC is explained on many examples and gives information on special requirements when getting offshore. Theoretical requirements on DC gas insulated systems, methods of testing, prototype installation tests, modular design features, and advantages in applications are given. Finally, impact and advantages of digital substations using GIS are explained. Key features: Written by leading GIS experts involved in development and project applicationsDiscusses practical and theoretical aspectsDetailed material of GIS for new and experienced GIS users, and project plannersInvaluable guide to practicing electrical, mechanical and civil engineers as well as third- and fourth-year electric power engineering students

DKK 1245.00
1

Tolley's Industrial and Commercial Gas Installation Practice - John Hazlehurst - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

Tolley's Industrial and Commercial Gas Installation Practice - John Hazlehurst - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

This is the third of three essential reference volumes for those concerned with the installation and servicing of domestic and industrial gas equipment. This volume explains the basic principles underlying the practical and theoretical aspects of installing and servicing gas appliances and associated equipment, from the basics of combustion, to burners, pressure and flow, transfer of heat, controls, as well as materials and processes, electrical aspects, and metering and measuring devices. Covering both Natural Gas and Liquefied Petroleum Gas, the many illustrations and worked examples included throughout the text will help the reader to understand the principles under discussion. Volume 3 of the Gas Service Technology Series will enable the reader to put into practice the safe installation and servicing procedures described in the companion volumes: Basic Science and Practice of Gas Service (Volume 1), and Domestic Gas Installation Practice (Volume 2). Combining a comprehensive reference with practical application in real-world engineering contexts, Volume 3 provides an essential handbook for all aspects of fundamental gas servicing technology, ideal for both students new to the field as well as professionals and non-operational professionals (e.g. specifiers, managers, supervisors) as an ongoing source of reference.

DKK 976.00
1

Metal-Oxide Gas Sensors - - Bog - IntechOpen - Plusbog.dk

Metal-Oxide Gas Sensors - - Bog - IntechOpen - Plusbog.dk

This book provides an overview of recent advances in the development of gas sensors for the electronics and healthcare industries that can lead to lifestyle enhancements. We are living in a society where automation is in great demand for all electrical devices and appliances. One of the major requirements for smart devices is highly sensitive, long-lasting, low-cost smart sensors. Existing challenges and future research directions for easy integration of fast, cost-effective gas sensors are addressed and discussed in this book.

DKK 1037.00
1

Essentials of Natural Gas Microturbines - Valentin A. Boicea - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

Essentials of Natural Gas Microturbines - Valentin A. Boicea - Bog - Taylor & Francis Ltd - Plusbog.dk

Addressing a field which, until now, has not been sufficiently investigated, Essentials of Natural Gas Microturbines thoroughly examines several natural gas microturbine technologies suitable not only for distributed generation but also for the automotive industry. An invaluable resource for power systems, electrical, and computer science engineers as well as operations researchers, microturbine operators, policy makers, and other industry professionals, the book: - - Explains the importance of natural gas microturbines and their use in distributed energy resource (DER) systems - Discusses the history, development, design, and operation of gas microturbines - Introduces the Evolutionary Algorithm for pollutant emissions and fuel consumption minimization - Analyzes the power electronics for grid connection of natural gas microturbines - Includes actual power quality measurements—graphical representations and numerical data—from a real system - Contains 39 color figures - Readers benefit from the clarity and practicality of Essentials of Natural Gas Microturbines , ultimately learning new techniques to increase electrical load efficiency, keep the environment cleaner, and improve equipment exploitation based on mathematical results.

DKK 810.00
1