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Linguistic Fundamentals for Natural Language Processing II - Emily M. Bender - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Linguistic Fundamentals for Natural Language Processing II - Emily M. Bender - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Meaning is a fundamental concept in Natural Language Processing (NLP), in the tasks of both Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Natural Language Generation (NLG). This is because the aims of these fields are to build systems that understand what people mean when they speak or write, and that can produce linguistic strings that successfully express to people the intended content. In order for NLP to scale beyond partial, task-specific solutions, researchers in these fields must be informed by what is known about how humans use language to express and understand communicative intents. The purpose of this book is to present a selection of useful information about semantics and pragmatics, as understood in linguistics, in a way that''s accessible to and useful for NLP practitioners with minimal (or even no) prior training in linguistics.

DKK 561.00
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Muslim Fathers and Mistrusted Masculinity in Danish Schools - Anne Hovgaard Jorgensen - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Muslim Fathers and Mistrusted Masculinity in Danish Schools - Anne Hovgaard Jorgensen - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book seeks to provide a deeper understanding of Muslim migrant fathers'' experiences of home-school cooperation in Danish schools by identifying and contradicting a phenomenon of "mistrusted masculinity." This term refers to a negative stereotype of Muslim migrant men that figures in political and media rhetoric where they are portrayed as controlling and patriarchal. Throughout the ethnography, migrant fathers confront this stereotype and express how they must navigate around this negative image in their struggle to be acknowledged as good fathers by their children''s schools. Jørgensen uses Geertzian "thick description" of micro-interaction between fathers and Danish teachers to explore the complex interplay of often-untested assumptions, misunderstandings, and untoward effects.

DKK 689.00
1

Visual Methods for Social Justice in Education - Laura Azzarito - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Visual Methods for Social Justice in Education - Laura Azzarito - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book makes a case for the usefulness of visual research methods for advancing a social justice agenda in education. The author aims to provide education researchers with a wide range of qualitative visual research tools to invoke different stories, voices, embodiments, and experiences of individuals from marginalized communities; to advance emancipatory research projects; to embrace interdisciplinary knowledge-building; and to counter-narrate Western forms of knowledge, cultures, and values for the reimagining of education for social change. It draws attention to the importance of visual methods in today''s neoliberal landscape of education to speak back to mainstream research and practices, especially when research participants lack words to describe, express, and represent what it means to be impacted by oppression and marginalization.

DKK 375.00
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Wireless Algorithms, Systems, and Applications - - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Wireless Algorithms, Systems, and Applications - - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Wireless Algorithms, Systems, and Applications, WASA 2016, held in Bozeman, MT, USA, in August 2016. The 50 full papers and 9 invited papers presented werde carefully reviewed and selected from 148 submissions. WASA is designed to be a forum for theoreticians, system and application designers, protocol developers and practitioners to discuss and express their views on the current trends, challenges, and state-of-the-art solutions related to various issues in wireless networks. Topics of interests include, but not limited to, effective and efficient state-of-the-art algorithm design and analysis, reliable and secure system development and implementations, experimental study and testbed validation, and new application exploration in wireless networks.

DKK 416.00
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An Introduction to the Planning Domain Definition Language - Patrik Haslum - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

An Introduction to the Planning Domain Definition Language - Patrik Haslum - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Planning is the branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that seeks to automate reasoning about plans, most importantly the reasoning that goes into formulating a plan to achieve a given goal in a given situation. AI planning is model-based: a planning system takes as input a description (or model) of the initial situation, the actions available to change it, and the goal condition to output a plan composed of those actions that will accomplish the goal when executed from the initial situation. The Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL) is a formal knowledge representation language designed to express planning models. Developed by the planning research community as a means of facilitating systems comparison, it has become a de-facto standard input language of many planning systems, although it is not the only modelling language for planning. Several variants of PDDL have emerged that capture planning problems of different natures and complexities, with a focus on deterministic problems. The purpose of this book is two-fold. First, we present a unified and current account of PDDL, covering the subsets of PDDL that express discrete, numeric, temporal, and hybrid planning. Second, we want to introduce readers to the art of modelling planning problems in this language, through educational examples that demonstrate how PDDL is used to model realistic planning problems. The book is intended for advanced students and researchers in AI who want to dive into the mechanics of AI planning, as well as those who want to be able to use AI planning systems without an in-depth explanation of the algorithms and implementation techniques they use.

DKK 519.00
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Human Rights as Battlefields - - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Human Rights as Battlefields - - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book examines human rights as political battlefields, spaces that are undergoing constant changes in which political conflicts are expressed by a translation process within networks of interactions. This translation, in turn, contributes to modifying the scope and understanding of human rights. Ultimately, these battlefields express the legitimacy encounter of different versions of human rights in contemporary political practices. The volume thus challenges both the tendency to minimize the changing nature of human rights as well as the struggles emerging from the use of human rights discourses as a legitimization tool. By shifting the focus on what stakeholders do instead of solely on the origin, nature or foundations of human rights, the authors reveal that human rights are not static objects: they are constantly transformed and, as such, affect the horizon of universal rights.

DKK 986.00
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Concrete Abstractions - Wolfgang Schreiner - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Concrete Abstractions - Wolfgang Schreiner - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book demonstrates how to formally model various mathematical domains (including algorithms operating in these domains) in a way that makes them amenable to a fully automatic analysis by computer software. The presented domains are typically investigated in discrete mathematics, logic, algebra, and computer science; they are modeled in a formal language based on first-order logic which is sufficiently rich to express the core entities in whose correctness we are interested: mathematical theorems and algorithmic specifications. This formal language is the language of RISCAL, a "mathematical model checker" by which the validity of all formulas and the correctness of all algorithms can be automatically decided. The RISCAL software is freely available; all formal contents presented in the book are given in the form of specification files by which the reader may interact with the software while studying the corresponding book material.

DKK 604.00
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Scouting and Guiding in Britain - Catherine Bannister - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Scouting and Guiding in Britain - Catherine Bannister - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book explores the prevailing role of rites of passage, ritual, and ceremony in contemporary children''s lives through the lens of modern-day incarnations of uniformed youth movements. It focuses on the socialising ritual and customary practices of present-day grass-roots Scout and Guide groups, asking how Britain''s largest and best-known uniformed youth organisations employ ritualised activities to express their values to their young members through language and gesture, story and song, dress, and physical artifacts. The author shows that these practices exist against a backdrop of culturally-constructed beliefs about what constitutes the ''good child'' and ''good childhood'' in twenty-first century Britain, with in-movement practices intended to help children develop positively and prepare for social life. The book draws on case study accounts of group performances, incorporating the voices of children and adults reflecting on their practices and experiences.

DKK 986.00
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Towards a Psychosomatic Conception of Hypochondria - Martine Derzelle - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Towards a Psychosomatic Conception of Hypochondria - Martine Derzelle - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

A rigorous and groundbreaking study. Martine Derzelle is the first researcher to approach hypochondria as a relational pathology. Martine Derzelle is the first researcher to approach hypochondria as a relational pathology. The author tackles a subject that has puzzled care professionals for decades: hypochondria. Martine Derzelle confronts all specialists (psychotherapists, psychiatrists, doctors, psychosomaticians) with the paradox of this pathology and the theoretical void on which the approach to those patients who express a suffering of various kinds has stood for more than a century. In the first part, the author highlights the lack of theoretical elaboration on hypochondria in the existent literature; in the second part, on the basis of clinical examples, she analyzes the nature of the disease, and then offers a completely innovative theoretical elaboration. Finally, in the third part, she proposes a new and specific approach to treating this pathology at both the theoretical and clinical levels within the framework of psychoanalysis and implementing key concepts from relational psychosomatics.

DKK 434.00
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Towards a Psychosomatic Conception of Hypochondria - Martine Derzelle - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Towards a Psychosomatic Conception of Hypochondria - Martine Derzelle - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

A rigorous and groundbreaking study. Martine Derzelle is the first researcher to approach hypochondria as a relational pathology. Martine Derzelle is the first researcher to approach hypochondria as a relational pathology. The author tackles a subject that has puzzled care professionals for decades: hypochondria. Martine Derzelle confronts all specialists (psychotherapists, psychiatrists, doctors, psychosomaticians) with the paradox of this pathology and the theoretical void on which the approach to those patients who express a suffering of various kinds has stood for more than a century. In the first part, the author highlights the lack of theoretical elaboration on hypochondria in the existent literature; in the second part, on the basis of clinical examples, she analyzes the nature of the disease, and then offers a completely innovative theoretical elaboration. Finally, in the third part, she proposes a new and specific approach to treating this pathology at both the theoretical and clinical levels within the framework of psychoanalysis and implementing key concepts from relational psychosomatics.

DKK 423.00
1

Linear Fractional Transformations - Arseniy Sheydvasser - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Linear Fractional Transformations - Arseniy Sheydvasser - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

The principle aim of this unique text is to illuminate the beauty of the subject both with abstractions like proofs and mathematical text, and with visuals, such as abundant illustrations and diagrams. With few mathematical prerequisites, geometry is presented through the lens of linear fractional transformations. The exposition is motivational and the well-placed examples and exercises give students ample opportunity to pause and digest the material. The subject builds from the fundamentals of Euclidean geometry, to inversive geometry, and, finally, to hyperbolic geometry at the end. Throughout, the author aims to express the underlying philosophy behind the definitions and mathematical reasoning. This text may be used as primary for an undergraduate geometry course or a freshman seminar in geometry, or as supplemental to instructors in their undergraduate courses in complex analysis, algebra, and number theory. There are elective courses that bring together seemingly disparate topics and this text would be a welcome accompaniment.

DKK 434.00
1

Insulting Music - Lily E. Hirsch - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Insulting Music - Lily E. Hirsch - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Insulting Music explores insult in and around music and demonstrates that insult is a key dimension of Western musical experience and practice. There is insult in the music we hear, how we express our musical preferences, as well as our reactions to settings and sites of music and music making. More than that, when music and insult overlap, the effects can both promote social justice or undermine it, foster connection or break it apart. The coming together of music and insult shapes our sense of self and view of other people, underlining and constructing difference, often in terms of race and gender. In the last decade, music''s power dynamics have become an increasingly important concern for music scholars, critics, and fans. Studying musicians such as Frank Zappa, Nickleback, Taylor Swift, and the Insane Clown Posse, and musical phenomena such as musician jokes, the use of music to torture people, and the playing of music in restaurants, this book shows the various and contradictory ways insults are used to negotiate those existing dynamics in and around music.

DKK 986.00
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Doing Indefinite Time - Irene Marti - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Doing Indefinite Time - Irene Marti - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This open access book provides insights into the everyday lives of long-term prisoners in Switzerland who are labelled as ‘dangerous’ and are preventatively held in indefinite, probably lifelong, incarceration. It explores prisoners’ manifold ways of inhabiting the prison which can be used to challenge well established notions about the experience of imprisonment, such as ‘adaptation’, ‘coping’, and ‘resistance’. Drawing on ethnographic data generated in two high-security prisons housing male offenders, this book explores how the various spaces of the prison affect prisoners’ sense of self and experience of time, and how, in particular, the indeterminate nature of their imprisonment affects their perceptions of place and space. It sheds light on prisoners’ subjective, emplaced and embodied perceptions of the prisons' various everyday time-spaces in the cell, at work, and during leisure time, and the forms of agency they express. It provides insight into prisoners’ everyday habits, practices, routines, and rhythms as well as the profoundly existential issues that are engendered, (re)arranged, and anchored in these everyday contexts. It also offers insights into the penal policies, norms, and practices developed and followed by prison authorities and staff.

DKK 349.00
1

Discourses of Ageing and Gender - Clare Anderson - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Discourses of Ageing and Gender - Clare Anderson - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book presents in-depth investigation of the language used about women and ageing in public discourse, and compares this with the language used by women to express their personal, lived experience of ageing. It takes a linguistic approach to identify how messages contained in public discourse influence how individual women evaluate their own ageing, and particularly their ageing appearance. It begins by establishing the wider cultural context that produces prevailing attitudes to women, before turning to an analysis of representations of the ageing female body in beauty and cosmetic advertising and the lifestyle media. The focus then moves to a detailed investigation of women''s own perceptions of the process of ageing and of their ageing appearance as revealed through their personal narratives. The final chapters challenge dominant attitudes to women and ageing by presenting two case studies of women who for different reasons and in different ways refuse to conform to cultural expectations. This work provides a platform for further academic research in the fields of linguistics, gerontology, gender and media studies; as well as offering meaningful applications in the wider domains of business and advertising.

DKK 646.00
1

Mental Health: Intervention Skills for the Emergency Services - - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Mental Health: Intervention Skills for the Emergency Services - - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

This book addresses the practical management of mental health scenarios in the emergency setting and offers first-hand reflections on how emergency nurses, practitioners and allied mental health professionals handle these situations. Responding to mental health needs in emergency situations can be profoundly complex. Frequently emergency nurses and other personnel express their feelings of powerlessness, as they do not know what to say or do in order to achieve the best outcome, and have concerns that their intervention may make the situation worse for those in their care. How a practitioner confronts the mental health encounter and takes the essential steps in managing the event can have a critical impact on how that person copes in the future. This book helps readers understand what is involved in mental health work in emergency situations, and the practical, psychosocial and spiritual tensions that arise from managing the event and the sequelae. Moreover, it shows that it may be possible to provide a more effective emergency mental health service. This unique edited book presents critical reflections on aspects of mental health work gathered from the ‘hands-on’ experiences of the personnel. Mental health encounters in the emergency context are described in detail, illustrating not only what emergency nurses and mental health workers ‘do’ when mental health crises occur, but also what they feel about what they ‘do’. Written by a diverse team of emergency and mental health nurses and allied professionals currently engaged in emergency care both in hospital and pre-hospital settings, this book will appeal to emergency nurses and allied health professionals alike.

DKK 426.00
1

Data Exploration Using Example-Based Methods - Matteo Lissandrini - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Data Exploration Using Example-Based Methods - Matteo Lissandrini - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Data usually comes in a plethora of formats and dimensions, rendering the exploration and information extraction processes challenging. Thus, being able to perform exploratory analyses in the data with the intent of having an immediate glimpse on some of the data properties is becoming crucial. Exploratory analyses should be simple enough to avoid complicate declarative languages (such as SQL) and mechanisms, and at the same time retain the flexibility and expressiveness of such languages. Recently, we have witnessed a rediscovery of the so-called example-based methods, in which the user, or the analyst, circumvents query languages by using examples as input. An example is a representative of the intended results, or in other words, an item from the result set. Example-based methods exploit inherent characteristics of the data to infer the results that the user has in mind, but may not able to (easily) express. They can be useful in cases where a user is looking for information in an unfamiliar dataset, when the task is particularly challenging like finding duplicate items, or simply when they are exploring the data. In this book, we present an excursus over the main methods for exploratory analysis, with a particular focus on example-based methods. We show how that different data types require different techniques, and present algorithms that are specifically designed for relational, textual, and graph data. The book presents also the challenges and the new frontiers of machine learning in online settings which recently attracted the attention of the database community. The lecture concludes with a vision for further research and applications in this area.

DKK 434.00
1

Scalable Processing of Spatial-Keyword Queries - Walid G. Aref - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Scalable Processing of Spatial-Keyword Queries - Walid G. Aref - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Text data that is associated with location data has become ubiquitous. A tweet is an example of this type of data, where the text in a tweet is associated with the location where the tweet has been issued. We use the term spatial-keyword data to refer to this type of data. Spatial-keyword data is being generated at massive scale. Almost all online transactions have an associated spatial trace. The spatial trace is derived from GPS coordinates, IP addresses, or cell-phone-tower locations. Hundreds of millions or even billions of spatial-keyword objects are being generated daily. Spatial-keyword data has numerous applications that require efficient processing and management of massive amounts of spatial-keyword data. This book starts by overviewing some important applications of spatial-keyword data, and demonstrates the scale at which spatial-keyword data is being generated. Then, it formalizes and classifies the various types of queries that execute over spatial-keyword data. Next, it discusses important and desirable properties of spatial-keyword query languages that are needed to express queries over spatial-keyword data. As will be illustrated, existing spatial-keyword query languages vary in the types of spatial-keyword queries that they can support. There are many systems that process spatial-keyword queries. Systems differ from each other in various aspects, e.g., whether the system is batch-oriented or stream-based, and whether the system is centralized or distributed. Moreover, spatial-keyword systems vary in the types of queries that they support. Finally, systems vary in the types of indexing techniques that they adopt. This book provides an overview of the main spatial-keyword data-management systems (SKDMSs), and classifies them according to their features. Moreover, the book describes the main approaches adopted when indexing spatial-keyword data in the centralized and distributed settings. Several case studies of {SKDMSs} are presented along with the applications and query types that these {SKDMSs} are targeted for and the indexing techniques they utilize for processing their queries. Optimizing the performance and the query processing of {SKDMSs} still has many research challenges and open problems. The book concludes with a discussion about several important and open research-problems in the domain of scalable spatial-keyword processing.

DKK 434.00
1

Semantic Relations Between Nominals, Second Edition - Diarmuid O Seagdha - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Semantic Relations Between Nominals, Second Edition - Diarmuid O Seagdha - Bog - Springer International Publishing AG - Plusbog.dk

Opportunity and Curiosity find similar rocks on Mars. One can generally understand this statement if one knows that Opportunity and Curiosity are instances of the class of Mars rovers, and recognizes that, as signalled by the word on, rocks are located on Mars. Two mental operations contribute to understanding: recognize how entities/concepts mentioned in a text interact and recall already known facts (which often themselves consist of relations between entities/concepts). Concept interactions one identifies in the text can be added to the repository of known facts, and aid the processing of future texts. The amassed knowledge can assist many advanced language-processing tasks, including summarization, question answering and machine translation. Semantic relations are the connections we perceive between things which interact. The book explores two, now intertwined, threads in semantic relations: how they are expressed in texts and what role they play in knowledge repositories. A historical perspective takes us back more than 2000 years to their beginnings, and then to developments much closer to our time: various attempts at producing lists of semantic relations, necessary and sufficient to express the interaction between entities/concepts. A look at relations outside context, then in general texts, and then in texts in specialized domains, has gradually brought new insights, and led to essential adjustments in how the relations are seen. At the same time, datasets which encompass these phenomena have become available. They started small, then grew somewhat, then became truly large. The large resources are inevitably noisy because they are constructed automatically. The available corpora-to be analyzed, or used to gather relational evidence-have also grown, and some systems now operate at the Web scale. The learning of semantic relations has proceeded in parallel, in adherence to supervised, unsupervised or distantly supervised paradigms. Detailed analyses of annotated datasets in supervised learning have granted insights useful in developing unsupervised and distantly supervised methods. These in turn have contributed to the understanding of what relations are and how to find them, and that has led to methods scalable to Web-sized textual data. The size and redundancy of information in very large corpora, which at first seemed problematic, have been harnessed to improve the process of relation extraction/learning. The newest technology, deep learning, supplies innovative and surprising solutions to a variety of problems in relation learning. This book aims to paint a big picture and to offer interesting details.

DKK 604.00
1